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2	"Is it a place" Is it a place? Is it a pill? Is it a therapy? Is it a religion?
3	A Nice Simple Treatment Model
4	Simpson – TCU - Treatment Model
5	A Continuing Care Model
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10	An FDA Perspective
11	Outcomes
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13	"Results of Initial Work on..." Results of Initial Work on the National Treatment Outcomes Monitoring System (NTOMS) Phone Interviews With 175 Programs Leadership Management Staffing Information
14	The Treatment System Modality/Setting 1990 2000 Residential/Inpt 38% 9% Methadone 10% 10% Outpatient 54% 79% Drug Courts <1% 5% N= <20 >800
15	Program Changes In 16 Months: 12% had closed 13% had changed service operation RESULT – 25% FEWER PROGRAMS 31% of the rest had been taken over, usually by MH agencies RESULT – STAFF CONFUSION
16	"50" 50% of directors have been there Less Than 1 year Counselor turnover 50% per year
17	"17" 17% No College Education 58% Had BA Degree 20% Had a MA or MSW 2 Physicians in 175 programs 28% NOT Working Full Time Most had been clinicians @ program
18	Other Staff 54% Had no physician 34% Had P/T physician 39% Had a Nurse (part of full time) < 25% Had a SW or a Psychologist Major professional group - Counselors
19	"17" 17% No College Education 58% Have Masters 34% Have Certification How They Spend Their Day 3 - 4 Hours – Group Counseling 1 - 2 Hours – Individual Counseling 2 - 3 Hours – “Paperwork”
20	Admission Process: No Standard Procedure No Standard Questions or Interview Total process often 3+ hours 15 – 20% Don’t Do Assessment No Perceived Value for Assessment “Simply Paperwork” Not Related to Treatment Plan
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